Brijuni is an archipelago in the vicinity of Pula, mentioned by Pliny the Elder as Insullae Pullariae.
On the western coast of Brijuni, along the Verige Bay, stands a magnificent Roman villa rustica. Built in the 1st century B.C. the villa achieved its greatest splendour in the 1st century A.D. and was used until the 6th century. It consists of a luxurious summer dwelling, of residential and economic character, with two peristyles and temples of the sea god Neptune, the Capitolim triades and goddess Venus. Besides this sumptuous villa, there was a long series of Roman villas on the Brijuni islands.
When analysing its strata, the Castrum is the richest site on Brijuni, with finds spreading from the Roman period, continuing to the Late Antiquity and reaching Middle Ages. The first villa in the Dobrika bay was built in the 2nd/1st century B.C. but was destroyed in the civil war. During Augustus’ rule, on the site of the first villa, a new villa was erected. The villa had the equipment for producing olive oil. Life within the villa continued until the end of the 4th century and then, due to social changes, the villa grew into a large closely-built-type settlement with houses, workshops and walls. In the 5th/6th century to serve the cultic needs of the inhabitants of the Castrum, the St. Mary’s basilica (well preserved, three-aisle basilica, with a square-shaped ground-plane) was erected.
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